Clinical significance of persistent amniotic fluid leakage after genetic amniocentesis

Chronic amniotic fluid leakage is a rare complication of genetic amniocentesis. Pregnancy outcomes in two such patients are presented and six previous cases reviewed. Although chorioamnionitis has not been reported, potentially serious complications may occur including an increased risk for pre-term delivery and fetal skeletal deformity. While conservative management of post-amniocentesis amniotic fluid leakage is advocated, patients should be advised of these risks.     

Stoffhaushalt von Auen?kosystemen: B?den und Hydrologie, Schadstoffe, BewertungenHrsg: K. Friese, B. Witter, G. Miehlich, M. Rode Verlag: Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2000, 434 S., 196 Abb., 79 Tabellen, ISBN 3-540-67068-8, DM 169,-

Buchpr?sentationen

Stoffhaushalt von Auen?kosystemen: B?den und Hydrologie, Schadstoffe, BewertungenHrsg: K. Friese, B. Witter, G. Miehlich, M. Rode Verlag: Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2000, 434 S., 196 Abb., 79 Tabellen, ISBN 3-540-67068-8, DM 169,-     

Modelling effects of time-variable exposure to the pyrethroid beta-cyfluthrin on rainbow trout early life stages

Background

Available literature and regulatory studies show that the severity of effects of beta-cyfluthrin (a synthetic pyrethroid) on fish is influenced by the magnitude and duration of exposure. To investigate how the exposure pattern to beta-cyfluthrin (constant vs peak) may influence the response of the fish, we used a mechanistic effect model to predict the survival and growth of the rainbow trout over its early life stages (i.e. egg, alevin and swim-up fry). We parameterized a toxicokinetic–toxicodynamic (TKTD) module in combination with a dynamic energy budget model enabling us to describe uptake and elimination, as well as to predict the threshold concentration for survival and sublethal effects (feeding behaviour and growth). This effect model was calibrated using data from an early life stage experiment where trout was exposed to a constant concentration of cyfluthrin. The model was validated by comparing model predictions to independent data from a pulsed-exposure study with early life stages of rainbow trout.

Results

The co-occurrence of effects on behaviour and growth raised the possibility that these were interrelated, i.e. impairment of feeding behaviour may have led to reduced food intake and slower growth. We, therefore, included ‘effect on feeding’ as mode of action in the TKTD module. At higher concentrations, the constant exposure led to death. The model was able to adequately capture this effect pattern in the calibration. The model was able to adequately predict the response of fish eggs, alevins and swim-up fry, from both the qualitative (response pattern) and quantitative points of view.

Conclusions

Since the model was successfully validated, it can be used to predict survival and growth of early life stages under various realistic time-variable exposure profiles (e.g. profiles from FOCUS surface water modelling) of beta-cyfluthrin.

     

Novel approach for in situ recovery of cobalt oxalate from spent lithium-ion batteries using tartaric acid and hydrogen peroxide

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Recycling Co resource from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is significant for Co deficiency and environmental protection. A novel approach for...